What are the 6 types of enzymes?

The biochemical reactions that occur in the body are basically of 6 types and the enzymes that provoke these reactions are named accordingly:

Oxidoreductases:

These enzymes cause oxidation and reduction reactions and are therefore called oxidoreductases. In these reactions, electrons are transferred in the form of hydride ions or hydrogen atoms. When a substrate is oxidized, these enzymes act as hydrogen donors. These enzymes are called dehydrogenases or reductases. When the oxygen atom is the acceptor, these enzymes are called oxidases.

Transferases: 

These enzymes are responsible for transferring functional groups from one molecule to another. Example: alanine aminotransferase that shuffles the alpha-amino group between alanine and aspartate, etc. Some transferases also transfer phosphate groups between ATP and other compounds, sugar residues to form disaccharides such as hexokinase in glycolysis.

Hydrolases:

These enzymes catalyze reactions that involve the hydrolysis process. They break simple bonds by adding water. Some hydrolases function as digestive enzymes because they break peptide bonds in proteins. Hydrolases can also be a type of transferases, as they transfer the water molecule from one compound to another. Example: Glucose-6-phosphatase that removes the phosphate group from glucose-6-phosphate, leaving glucose and H3PO4.

Lyases: 

These enzymes catalyze reactions where functional groups are added to break double bonds in molecules or where double bonds are formed by removing functional groups. Example: Pyruvate decarboxylase is a lyase that removes CO2 from pyruvate. Other examples include deaminases and dehydratases.

Isomerases: 

These enzymes catalyze reactions in which a functional group moves to another position within the same molecule, so that the resulting molecule is actually an isomer of the previous molecule. Example: triosephosphate isomerase and phosphoglucose isomerase to convert glucose 6-phosphate to fructose 6-phosphate.

Ligases:

These enzymes perform a function opposite to that of hydrolases. Where hydrolases break bonds by adding water, ligases form bonds by removing the water component. There are different subclasses of ligases that involve the synthesis of ATP.